[{"bank":"fed","title":"Federal Reserve","speakers":[{"key":"waller","name":"Christopher Waller","role":"Governor","voter":true,"stance":3,"stanceLabel":"neutral","shift":"steady","quote":"Chair Waller’s preference for maintaining policy flexibility and avoiding premature commitments…","quoteDate":"2026-07-09","sourceName":"news.futunn.com","sourceUrl":"https://news.futunn.com/en/post/75734790/gold-trading-alert-trump-scraps-iran-nuclear-deal-fed-s?level=1&data_ticket=1783554273862589","rationale":"Favors keeping policy options open rather than committing to a direction.","photo":"8f8fe1bfda16fa6ad64556963e946bfbe3ef2991.jpg","photoCredit":"Federalreserve · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons","history":[{"quote":"forward guidance can remain an effective policy tool when used appropriately, as it helps financial markets adjust more quickly to changes in monetary policy…","quoteDate":"2026-07-07","stance":3,"rationale":"Comments on the communication tool's usefulness, not a directional rate signal."},{"quote":"Fed Governor Christopher Waller largely reiterated familiar views, suggesting inflation risks remain skewed to the upside while questioning whether excessive forward guidance benefits markets.","quoteDate":"2026-07-07","stance":3.8,"rationale":"Sees inflation risks tilted upward and voices skepticism toward heavy forward guidance."}]},{"key":"warsh","name":"Kevin Warsh","role":"Chair","voter":true,"stance":3,"stanceLabel":"neutral","shift":"down","quote":"refused to provide guidance about the outlook and was even mum in explaining how incoming data might shape his monetary policy views…","quoteDate":"2026-07-09","sourceName":"finance.yahoo.com","sourceUrl":"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/feds-williams-doesnt-expect-sustained-143143541.html","rationale":"Declined to give forward guidance on the policy outlook.","photo":"07c97cca45b6ff22f6ed35b757dd53e1386f7706.jpg","photoCredit":"The White House · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons","history":[{"quote":"a few policymakers saw a case for raising borrowing costs before ultimately agreeing to hold steady…","quoteDate":"2026-07-09","stance":3.4,"rationale":"Fed held rates steady though some officials favored a hike."},{"quote":"anyone expecting the Federal Reserve to tolerate inflation above 2% \"is going to be disappointed\"","quoteDate":"2026-07-09","stance":4.5,"rationale":"Commits to restoring 2% inflation and rejects tolerating above-target inflation."}]},{"key":"cook","name":"Lisa Cook","role":"Governor","voter":true,"stance":3.5,"stanceLabel":"lean-hawkish","shift":"new","quote":"she prefers holding rates but will raise them if inflation stays elevated…","quoteDate":"2026-07-09","sourceName":"mezha.net","sourceUrl":"https://mezha.net/eng/bukvy/f538b987_10-year_jgb_yield/","rationale":"Favors holding rates but signals readiness to hike if inflation persists.","photo":"9ec79479bbd0a581b6bd3ea31310f1261b93e3bb.jpg","photoCredit":"Federalreserve · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons"},{"key":"bowman","name":"Michelle Bowman","role":"Governor","voter":true,"stance":3,"stanceLabel":"neutral","shift":"new","quote":"a lighter supervisory and regulatory touch…","quoteDate":"2026-07-07","sourceName":"finance.yahoo.com","sourceUrl":"https://finance.yahoo.com/m/b5545792-ab4e-3056-bb82-a137f88380c8/europe-needs-to-get-serious.html","rationale":"Comment on AI supervisory approach, not on rates or monetary stance.","photo":"2ceba184419042a551f5801e4c650423ec20180e.jpg","photoCredit":"US Federal Reserve · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons"},{"key":"hammack","name":"Beth Hammack","role":"Cleveland Fed President","voter":false,"stance":4,"stanceLabel":"lean-hawkish","shift":"steady","quote":"surging demand for AI infrastructure could add to inflationary pressures and potentially require higher interest rates if price growth remains elevated…","quoteDate":"2026-07-09","sourceName":"benzinga.com","sourceUrl":"https://www.benzinga.com/markets/economic-data/26/07/60349604/ai-making-life-more-expensive-federal-reserve-says-upward-price-pressure-likely-to-persist","rationale":"Warns AI-driven demand could fuel inflation, possibly requiring higher rates.","photo":"ac1e0b4f921622aa9872f31d243800cf78f1666b.jpg","photoCredit":"United States Federal Reserve · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons","history":[{"quote":"rate hikes possible if inflation persists…","quoteDate":"2026-07-08","stance":4,"rationale":"Says hikes remain possible if inflation stays elevated."},{"quote":"Inflation is still too high, Fed may need to consider rate hikes.","quoteDate":"2026-07-07","stance":4.5,"rationale":"Argues inflation remains too high and hikes may be needed."}]}]},{"bank":"ecb","title":"European Central Bank","speakers":[{"key":"lagarde","name":"Christine Lagarde","role":"President","voter":true,"stance":3,"stanceLabel":"neutral","shift":"steady","quote":"the euro zone was not facing a systemic risk from recent turbulence but that some pockets of the financial system were exposed…","quoteDate":"2026-07-09","sourceName":"investing.com","sourceUrl":"https://www.investing.com/news/stock-market-news/europes-financial-stability-watchdog-examining-private-credit-risks-adviser-says-4783099","rationale":"Assesses financial stability risk from private credit, not a rate-path statement.","photo":"fcba8560f915af3378b0a34e243a9e143ec3f3a2.jpg","photoCredit":"International Monetary Fund · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons","history":[{"quote":"risks in the global economy are more broadly balanced now than a few weeks before the event and that the stagflationary environment is behind us…","quoteDate":"2026-07-08","stance":3,"rationale":"Says global risks are more balanced and stagflation risk has passed."},{"quote":"risks to inflation and economic growth in the euro area have become more balanced than they were a few weeks ago following the recent decline in oil prices…","quoteDate":"2026-07-08","stance":3,"rationale":"Says inflation and growth risks are now more balanced after oil price drop."}]},{"key":"schnabel","name":"Isabel Schnabel","role":"Executive Board","voter":true,"stance":3.7,"stanceLabel":"lean-hawkish","shift":"down","quote":"Isabel Schnabel, a member of the ECB’s Executive Board, recently stated that supply chain pressures remain elevated.","quoteDate":"2026-07-08","sourceName":"news.futunn.com","sourceUrl":"https://news.futunn.com/en/post/75716770/european-bond-markets-suddenly-reversed-course-why-did-a-jump?level=1&data_ticket=1783515363840245","rationale":"Highlights persistent supply-side price pressures, supporting a cautious policy stance.","photo":"c3c5ba555c6c8c1c6b0e09b0558e77c5f386727b.jpg","photoCredit":"Foto: Gregor Fischer · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","history":[{"quote":"the Iran conflict keeps core inflation elevated…","quoteDate":"2026-07-08","stance":4,"rationale":"Warns that geopolitical conflict is keeping core inflation elevated."},{"quote":"ECB governor Schnabel warned that despite the oil price decline, we're not back at the…","quoteDate":"2026-07-07","stance":4,"rationale":"Warns that falling oil prices do not mean inflation pressures have fully eased."}]},{"key":"lane","name":"Philip Lane","role":"Chief Economist","voter":true,"stance":2,"stanceLabel":"lean-dovish","shift":"down","quote":"an agreement between the United States and Iran has brought oil prices closer to the ECB's baseline outlook, and the rapid fall in crude prices has reduced the urgency of additional rate hikes…","quoteDate":"2026-07-08","sourceName":"digitaltoday.co.kr","sourceUrl":"https://www.digitaltoday.co.kr/en/view/79151/oil-prices-ease-but-gasoline-inflation-lingers-bitcoin-july-us-cpi-seen-as-turning-point","rationale":"Says falling oil prices reduce the urgency for further rate hikes.","photo":"374c66bf5faae93d7a38076af48d499346bab7d4.jpg","photoCredit":"European Central Bank · official portrait","history":[{"quote":"A final 25 basis point ECB rate hike in September remains expected, with officials including Chief Economist Philip Lane continuing to signal it is possible…","quoteDate":"2026-07-06","stance":4,"rationale":"Signals continued openness to one more rate hike."}]},{"key":"escriva","name":"José Luis Escrivá","role":"Banco de España Governor","voter":false,"stance":3,"stanceLabel":"neutral","shift":"steady","quote":"the ECB cannot adjust monetary policy in response to every geopolitical development…","quoteDate":"2026-07-09","sourceName":"investinglive.com","sourceUrl":"https://investinglive.com/orders/fx-option-expiries-for-9-july-10am-new-york-cut","rationale":"Says policy should not react to every geopolitical shock, favoring steady course.","photo":"8e8b1e5502c4af27855563a1a890713c05a58b83.jpg","photoCredit":"La Moncloa - Gobierno de España · Attribution · Wikimedia Commons","history":[{"quote":"the ECB cannot adjust monetary policy in response to every geopolitical development and should instead remain…","quoteDate":"2026-07-09","stance":3,"rationale":"Downplays need to react to geopolitical risk, signaling steady policy stance."},{"quote":"Will keep all options on the table and decide on a meeting-by-meeting basis…","quoteDate":"2026-07-08","stance":3,"rationale":"Keeps all policy options open, decisions to be made meeting by meeting."}]},{"key":"nagel","name":"Joachim Nagel","role":"Bundesbank President","voter":false,"stance":4,"stanceLabel":"lean-hawkish","shift":"new","quote":"he can't rule out another increase in interest rates by the ECB…","quoteDate":"2026-07-08","sourceName":"barchart.com","sourceUrl":"https://www.barchart.com/story/news/3186572/dollar-climbs-on-escalation-of-middle-east-hostilities","rationale":"Keeps door open to a further rate hike amid energy-driven inflation risk.","photo":"aa3591ce25e33dbc8c071b9d75949c601cd2aa43.jpg","photoCredit":"Leonhard Lenz · CC BY 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","history":[{"quote":"ECB adopts a meeting-by-meeting strategy…","quoteDate":"2023-07-08","stance":3,"rationale":"Describes a data-dependent, meeting-by-meeting approach without directional bias."}]}]},{"bank":"nbp","title":"Narodowy Bank Polski","speakers":[{"key":"glapinski","name":"Adam Glapiński","role":"NBP President, RPP Chair","voter":true,"stance":3,"stanceLabel":"neutral","shift":"new","quote":"The situation is volatile, but there are many indications that the scale of the supply shock predicted for the future in the Middle East conflict is much smaller than what could be feared in recent months…","quoteDate":"2026-07-09","sourceName":"pb.pl","sourceUrl":"https://www.pb.pl/adam-glapinski-polsce-obecnie-nie-grozi-istotny-wzrost-inflacji-1264083","rationale":"Assesses geopolitical supply-shock risk as smaller than previously feared; no explicit rate signal.","photo":"a57dea3349e9782305291fdc500f156365a088ef.jpg","photoCredit":"Piotr Małecki, Narodowy Bank Polski · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons"}]},{"bank":"boe","title":"Bank of England","speakers":[{"key":"pill","name":"Huw Pill","role":"Chief Economist","voter":true,"stance":4,"stanceLabel":"lean-hawkish","shift":"new","quote":"I think it should be seen as problematic, because our mandate is very clear; inflation at 2% at all times…","quoteDate":"2026-07-08","sourceName":"uk.finance.yahoo.com","sourceUrl":"https://uk.finance.yahoo.com/news/uk-shares-tumble-rising-geopolitical-154524753.html","rationale":"Flags above-target inflation as problematic, stressing strict adherence to the 2% mandate.","photo":"86fee40613c4ca63edd59c353a937ebc5ac4aaad.jpg","photoCredit":"Bank of England · official portrait"},{"key":"mann-c","name":"Catherine Mann","role":"MPC External Member","voter":true,"stance":4,"stanceLabel":"lean-hawkish","shift":"new","quote":"BoE: Hold, Mann hawkish on 2027 wages…","quoteDate":"2026-07-07","sourceName":"tradingview.com","sourceUrl":"https://www.tradingview.com/chart/EURGBP/l83UI4bo-EURGBP-The-1-84-DE-GB-Spread-Remains-the-Main-Drag/","rationale":"Described as hawkish on future wage growth risks while BoE holds rates.","photo":"bd93843cb6bb148f49bafd2f719a0c2dd9520847.jpg","photoCredit":"ANU TV · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons"},{"key":"taylor-a","name":"Alan Taylor","role":"MPC External Member","voter":true,"stance":3,"stanceLabel":"neutral","shift":"new","quote":"earlier signaled an extended hold on interest rates…","quoteDate":"2026-07-06","sourceName":"uk.finance.yahoo.com","sourceUrl":"https://uk.finance.yahoo.com/news/us-federal-expected-decide-rate-163016360.html","rationale":"Signals a prolonged pause in rates rather than further hikes or cuts.","photo":"038d135151978fe45717460c50078a7647a384c6.jpg","photoCredit":"Bank of England · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons"}]},{"bank":"boj","title":"Bank of Japan","speakers":[{"key":"ueda","name":"Kazuo Ueda","role":"Governor","voter":true,"stance":4,"stanceLabel":"lean-hawkish","shift":"new","quote":"reiterated his commitment to further interest rate hikes, provided the economy, inflation and financial conditions align with the bank's outlook…","quoteDate":"2026-07-07","sourceName":"japantoday.com","sourceUrl":"https://japantoday.com/category/business/update2-japan-real-wages-in-may-rise-for-5th-straight-month-on-robust-labor-talks","rationale":"Reaffirms intent to continue rate hikes if conditions align with outlook.","photo":"eedb093621016bdc0c6ec6e9c6e91b0dadd98334.jpg","photoCredit":"VOA · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons"}]}]